Global warming and Arctic amplification in CMIP6 models: (left) Arctic amplification of global warming is measured as the ratio of the Arctic (60°–90°N) vs global annual 2-m temperature trends for the period 1980–2014. (right) Trend in the difference between Arctic and midlatitudes (30°–60°N) 2-m temperature and 850–250-hPa thickness. Symbols with black edges represent high-resolution models. The black and gray stars are the multimodel means of those first simulations for high- and low-resolution models, respectively. The red-outlined box indicates the 95% confidence interval for the ERA5 trends or trend ratios.
Citation: Journal of Climate 36, 20; 10.1175/JCLI-D-23-0082.1
