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The apparatus uses cTBS, which is known to consist of bursts of magnetic pulses applied to different parts of the brain.
A potential benefit is that this device can be used as an adjunct to sleep therapy that does not involve the use of drugs. (Representative Image)
A team of researchers, from the University of Arizona, have designed a device that can help combat insomnia by reducing mental chatter through continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS). It is understood to be a painless procedure that helps to regulate the activity of the brain’s default mode network (DMN) which usually is increased in people with sleep problems. The apparatus uses cTBS, a type of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) which is known to consist of bursts of magnetic pulses applied to different parts of the brain. The cTBS protocol delivers three pulses at a frequency of 50 Hz every 200 ms for a total duration of 40 seconds, which gives 600 pulses per session. This rapid stimulation is intended to inhibit cortical stimulus-response, particularly in the DMN which is linked with daydreaming and unwanted thoughts that interfere with the sleep induction process.
Targeting the Default Mode Network
Among the several brain networks investigated in the research, the DMN is a primary emphasis. According to research, the DMN is a group of brain areas that are active while a person is at rest. It leads to thinking about problems rather than sleeping. As a result, they may formulate ideas about problems that will only make them anxious.
Using the identified cTBS, researchers want to decrease the activity in this network, which will lead to the proper mental state for sleep. Studies have shown that when compared to more conventional rTMS approaches for treating insomnia, the cTBS protocol’s inhibitory effects on cortical excitability continue longer.
Several trials by the University of Arizona have revealed that the device user had immense improvement in terms of their relaxation and inclination towards sleep. Because cTBS takes as little as 40 seconds, it may be useful to individuals affected with insomnia.
To ensure its effectiveness, its promoters are set for a rigorous three-year study involving some chronic insomnia patients. This study includes:
- The participants will be selected in a way that enables the generalizability of results to the population.
- Long-term impacts regarding the quality of sleep and mental functioning are also going to be assessed by the researchers.
- The outcome data of users of the device will be compared to people who are using conventional interventions for insomnia such as cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), or medication.
Implications for Sleep Health
A potential benefit is that this device can be used as an adjunct to sleep therapy that does not involve the use of drugs. Some people avoid taking medications because of side effects or possible dependency on the medicines. The application of cTBS might serve as a more effective option for achieving significant results without the help of medicines.
This particular technology has the propensity to advance overall sleep health and mental well-being in case a positive impact is demonstrated. Potential future developments may include:
- Adapting stimulation protocols due to peculiarities of brain activity of the patient.
- Integrating this device with other wearable sleep monitors to use the feedback in correcting the settings for the user.
- Examining its applicability to other conditions that involve abnormally high levels of mental activity, including anxiety disorders or PTSD.
