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Maintaining thyroid health is essential not just for metabolism, but for fertility, emotional balance, and healthy skin—key aspects of overall well-being.
Thyroid symptoms include fatigue, weight changes, and anxiety.
The thyroid gland, a small butterfly-shaped organ located at the base of the neck, plays a crucial role in regulating the body’s metabolism through the release of thyroid hormones. When this gland does not function properly – resulting in hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) – it can have wide-ranging effects on overall health. Three areas commonly impacted are fertility, mood, and skin health.
We speak to Dr Sukirti Misra, Consultant Endocrinologist, KIMS Hospitals Thane, to understand how a small organ in your can have such far-reaching effects on your mood, health and fertility:
Impact on Fertility
Thyroid hormones are closely linked to reproductive health in both women and men. In women, hypothyroidism can disrupt menstrual cycles, leading to irregular or heavy periods, anovulation (lack of ovulation), and difficulty conceiving. Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, may cause lighter or infrequent periods and can also interfere with ovulation. During pregnancy, uncontrolled thyroid imbalance increases the risk of miscarriage, preterm birth, and complications for both mother and baby. In men, thyroid disorders can affect sperm count, motility, and quality, potentially contributing to infertility. Early diagnosis and proper treatment often restore hormonal balance and significantly improve reproductive outcomes.
Effect on Mood and Mental Health
Mood changes are one of the most overlooked symptoms of thyroid imbalance. Hypothyroidism is commonly associated with symptoms such as fatigue, low motivation, depression, poor concentration, and memory issues. People may feel mentally “slowed down” or emotionally flat. Hyperthyroidism, in contrast, often leads to anxiety, irritability, restlessness, mood swings, and difficulty sleeping. In some cases, symptoms may mimic clinical depression or anxiety disorders, leading to delayed diagnosis. Managing thyroid hormone levels can greatly improve emotional well-being and cognitive function.
Changes in Skin, Hair and Nails
The skin is another visible indicator of thyroid health. Hypothyroidism often causes dry, rough, pale or cold skin due to reduced blood flow and slower cell turnover. Hair may become dry, brittle, thin, or fall out excessively, including thinning of the eyebrows. Nails may grow slowly and become weak or ridged. Hyperthyroidism can make the skin warm, moist, and flushed, and may also lead to hair thinning due to accelerated hair growth cycles. These changes are often reversible with appropriate treatment.
Why Early Detection Matters
Thyroid imbalances are common but frequently underdiagnosed, especially because symptoms can be subtle or mistaken for stress or lifestyle-related issues. Simple blood tests can confirm thyroid function. With timely medical care, lifestyle adjustments, and medication when needed, most people can manage thyroid disorders effectively and prevent long-term complications.
Maintaining thyroid health is essential not just for metabolism, but for fertility, emotional balance, and healthy skin—key aspects of overall well-being.
February 18, 2026, 17:42 IST
